Observing the Mind Through Questions: A Cognitive Dialogue Model

 This post introduces a cognitive model for observing another person’s internal state through structured questioning. When a discrepancy in understanding arises, targeted questions—both concrete and abstract—can reveal the other’s information, values, and context. The framework maps how recognition leads to inquiry, and how inquiry leads to deeper understanding. It offers a practical lens for designing conversations that uncover meaning rather than impose it.

Modeling Based on 西剛志『結局、​どう​したら​伝わるのか？』

Entity Name	Description
Recognition	The initial awareness of a discrepancy or gap in relational understanding.
Relational Discrepancy	A perceived misalignment or ambiguity in the other’s expression or behavior.
Question	A verbal probe designed to clarify, explore, or uncover the other’s internal state.
Concrete Question	A specific inquiry targeting observable facts or actions.
Abstract Question	A conceptual inquiry aimed at values, intentions, or mental models.
Answer	The response that reveals aspects of the other’s cognition, values, or context.
Other’s Information	Factual or situational data shared in response to the question.
Other’s Values	Underlying principles or preferences that shape the other’s perspective.
Other Information	Additional context or nuance that may not fit neatly into facts or values.
Understanding of Other’s Statement	The cognitive integration of the other’s response into one’s own mental model.

By treating questions as tools for cognitive observation, this model reframes dialogue as a process of discovery rather than persuasion. It encourages communicators to design questions that surface values and context, enabling mutual understanding.